1. CALLS ON the Director General and all of IUCN to continue to contribute to the development of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, by actively promoting the recommendations included in this Resolution, and to fully support the global biodiversity framework once adopted through the implementation of the IUCN Programme 2021–2024 Nature 2030 and the Addendum;

2. CALLS ON IUCN Members and INVITES CBD Parties, other governments, intergovernmental organisations, all stakeholders and indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) to work, as appropriate, with national-level and other counterparts engaged in the CBD to encourage them to join forces to develop, adopt and implement a post-2020 global biodiversity framework that:

a. reflects the urgent transformative change necessary to promote a whole of society transition to address direct and indirect drivers of biodiversity loss and secure the planet’s life support system;

b. fully implements the three objectives of the Convention including the conservation of biological diversity, its sustainable use of the components of the biological diversity, and fair and equitable access to, and sharing of, benefits from the utilisation of genetic resources in a balanced manner;

c. contains a Vision for 2050 of living in harmony with nature and an inspirational, and easy to communicate 2030 Mission, thereby aiming to halt and reverse biodiversity loss to achieve a nature-positive world by 2030;

d. contains specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-bound targets and milestones for 2030 to halt and reverse the unprecedented loss of biodiversity and take urgent and transformative action to restore and conserve biodiversity for the survival and benefit of nature, people and planet;

e. clearly addresses both direct and indirect drivers of the loss of biodiversity that were identified by the IPBES Global Assessment report, includes ambitious nature-positive sectoral targets to ensure effective sectoral engagement and action, notably by supporting the establishment of national, regional and global sectoral plans of action (for food, agriculture, fisheries, forestry, infrastructure, and any other relevant sectors) as well as national and regional multi-stakeholders and multisectoral platforms;

f. includes the following critical elements in the 2030 Milestones:

i. increase in the area, connectivity and integrity of ecosystems and zero human-induced extinctions of species, and recovery of the population abundance of species and safeguard genetic diversity of wild and domesticated species;

ii. halving of the footprint of production and consumption and ensuring that all relevant public and private decisions support the achievement of a nature-positive and equitable world and safeguard human rights;

iii. fair access to and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilisation of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge are secured to ensure the conservation of biodiversity and that any use be sustainable; and

iv. adequate financial and other resources to implement the framework are available and deployed, progressively closing the financing and other gaps, including by significantly increasing finance from all sources for the implementation of the framework and minimizing public and private financial flows that are harmful to biodiversity by 2030;

g. can be translated into ambitious local, national, regional, multilateral and sectoral targets, commitments and actions;

h. mainstream biodiversity across all sectors to achieve biodiversity positive impacts, including by integrating the value of nature into decision making across all sectors or making positive impact commitments, including by:

i. transforming food and agricultural systems, including by applying ecosystem approaches, ensuring food loss and waste are significantly reduced, and making a shift toward sustainable and healthy diets, and recovering and preserving indigenous technologies for food system resilience to align human and planetary health;

ii. ensuring that infrastructure development minimises negative impacts on biodiversity, and compensates for any residual impacts by restoring priority ecosystems to achieve biodiversity positive outcomes; and

iii. conserving and sustainably using biodiversity in productive, extractive and urban ecosystems;

i. focuses on the integrity, including the functioning, of natural ecosystems, maintenance and restoration of key biodiversity elements in areas of global and national significance for biodiversity, in particular Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) and Ecologically and Biologically Significant Areas (EBSAs), where recognised, and the ecological restoration of degraded places and also restore the relationship of humans with nature;

j. safeguards human rights;

k. forms a guiding framework that integrates and achieves the objectives of the CBD, as well as the other Rio Conventions and biodiversity-related conventions and processes, and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development;

l. sets up a strong implementation mechanism that promotes responsibility and transparency that includes national planning, reporting, periodic review, and where consistent with national legislation, ratchet and compliance, as well as a global stocktake to assess collective progress toward meeting the goals, milestones, and targets of the framework;

m. recognises the intrinsic and existential importance of biodiversity, worthy of protection in its own right;

n. calls on all components of IUCN to support the full and effective participation of indigenous peoples and work towards the implementation of all protection, conservation and restoration activities with the free, prior and informed consent of indigenous peoples, and with appropriate recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples to their lands, territories and resources, as set out under the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), and full respect for their diverse knowledge systems;

o. includes global targets to ensure that, without prejudice to Resolution 6.050 Increasing marine protected area coverage for effective marine biodiversity conservation (Hawai‘i, 2016):

i. at least 30% of terrestrial areas and inland waters (Note: ‘inland waters’ – as defined by the Convention on Biological Diversity and Ramsar Convention) and of coastal and marine areas, respectively, are effectively and equitably governed, protected and conserved with a focus on sites of particular importance for biodiversity, in well-connected systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) by 2030, with the free, prior and informed consent of indigenous peoples, and with appropriate recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples to their lands, territories and resources, as set out under UNDRIP, and support for the full and effective participation of local communities in the protection and conservation activities, with the recognition of customary and local governance practices as appropriate, along with their diverse knowledge system;

ii. all managed areas, including for agriculture, fisheries, aquaculture and forestry, are under biodiversity-inclusive sustainable management, in particular through the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, including natural, semi natural, managed, extractive and urban ecosystems; and

iii. all of the land and waters, traditionally governed and conserved by IPLCs, are appropriately recognised and collectively secured;

p. ensures that social and economic assessments are conducted in accordance with universally accepted environmental, social and governance (ESG) standards, or national laws and due procedures with the effect of affording full social safeguards to those affected, in particular those rights holders and disadvantaged groups in achieving the targets specified in paragraph o;

q. includes adequate means of implementation – including through a comprehensive resource mobilisation strategy, through a substantial increase in resources from all sources and the development of funding streams to facilitate all countries in meeting the targets and also the repurposing of all incentives harmful to biodiversity and alignment of financial flows – towards a pathway to halt and reverse biodiversity loss;

r. ensures the full and effective participation and recognition of the role of all relevant stakeholders and rights-holders, including civil society and IPLCs, as an essential prerequisite to facilitate the successful implementation of the framework; and

s. is complemented by a robust and comprehensive monitoring framework that ensures that key dimensions of biodiversity, including trends of species populations at global level, and key commitments and actions necessary to reverse biodiversity loss are adequately monitored;

3. URGES all governments to:

a. elevate the need to urgently tackle nature degradation and biodiversity loss to the highest political level, including through forthcoming high-level UN meetings;

b. through a whole-government approach, fully integrate nature in all key political, economic, cultural and social decisions and throughout all relevant sectors, in cooperation with relevant stakeholders and rightsholders, including civil society and the private sector, at all levels and stages of decision making;

c. secure as soon as possible an ambitious legally-binding agreement on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS);

d. take necessary actions to eliminate, redirect, repurpose, or reform subsidies and other incentives identified as potentially harmful to the environment by 2030, as well as those linked to human rights violations, and especially to biodiversity and climate;

e. ensure a successful CBD COP15, and its high-level segment, in Kunming and towards the adoption of a transformative post-2020 global biodiversity framework, by using the time between today and the planned January meetings effectively to move the process closer to consensus and desired levels of ambition, in particular on the structure of the framework, the resource mobilisation strategy, the implementation mechanism and specific wording of key goals, milestones, targets and concepts such as Nature-based Solutions (NbS); and

f. pursue efforts to limit global warming to 1.5ºC for biodiversity and people, including by, inter alia, rapidly and significantly scaling up the implementation of NbS that maintain and support biodiversity while contributing to mitigation and adaptation to climate change.